Open Source and open web advocate Chris Messina (aka FactoryJoe) is credited to have conceptualised the Twitter hashtag in August, 2007 and explained the process and rationale in this blog post:http://factoryjoe.com/blo
In 2007 there was a widespread desire in the early Twitter community to provide some means for groups to organize themselves. Many looked to the model of Flickr and other standard web-based group systems as inspiration. A significant amount of Twitter usage occurred over SMS or other low-bandwidth channels, making group management tedious, if not impossible. Discovery of groups while on the go was another problem.
Chris Messina pleaded, that the simplest solution was to embed the group token in the tweet itself and use functionality like 'track' to follow a topic (Twitter removed the track feature long ago, but trending topics injected new life and relevance into hashtags. He advocated the idea, that any uses could create a new group simply by tweeting with a word.
He suggested to chose the #symbol because ot was a convention, already
established in IRCchannels and on Jaiku. Any user could then "join"
a group conversation simply by appending a given hashtag to their
tweet.
Stowe
Boyd is the blogger who gave the #-symbol the name "hash
tag" in a blog post"Hash Tags = Twitter Groupings," in
August, 2007.
Thus,
Chris Messina came up with the whole concept of the Twitter hashtag
and Stowe Boyd is the person who gave the "#" a name.
In the
US the #hashtag became popular in October, 2007, when Nate Ridder, a
resident of San Diego, California started appending all his posts
with the hashtag #sandiegofire. It was intended to inform people
worldwide about the ongoing wildfires in the area at the time.
By
July,2009, Twitter hashtags were formally adopted by Twitter and
anything with a # in front of it became hyper-linked. And the move
was later accentuated when Twitter introduced "Trending Topics",
placing the most popular hashtags right on its homepage..
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